Aegle marmelos
Common names: Bael, Bengal Quince, Stone Apple, Golden Apple, Bilva (Bel)
Short Description
Aegle marmelos is a slow-growing, deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent, reaching 8–15 m (26–50 ft) in height. It has aromatic trifoliate leaves, fragrant greenish-white flowers, and distinctive round fruits with a hard woody shell and sweet, orange pulp. The fruit is highly valued for beverages, desserts, and traditional medicine, while the leaves are considered sacred in Hinduism and are commonly offered to Lord Shiva. Bael is exceptionally hardy and tolerates drought, poor soils, and high temperatures once established.
Germination Tips
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Seed treatment: Remove all pulp and soak seeds in clean water for 12–24 hours before sowing.
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Sowing: Sow seeds 1–2 cm deep in a well-drained seed-starting mix.
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Temperature: Maintain 25–35°C for optimal germination.
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Growing medium: Use a mix of garden soil, sand, and compost or coco peat with good drainage.
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Moisture: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
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Light: Place seedlings in bright light; gradually acclimate them to full sun.
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Germination time: Usually 10–30 days with fresh seeds.
Note: Bael seedlings develop a strong taproot early, so transplant them carefully and use deep pots if raising them in containers. The tree begins bearing fruit in about 5–8 years from seed, while grafted plants can fruit in 3–4 years under good growing conditions.